Notes: Prinplup acts as a decent tank, stealth rock setter, and defogger all in one. Scald acts as a possible burn for physical threats attempting to stay in on Prinplup and do some damage. Ice Beam acts as a way to hit Grass-Types like Gloom and Servine. Defog serves as Hazard removal, as Stealth Rock helps to set up hazards on the other team. Toxic is also an option if you aren't in need of a stealth rocker, as toxic could help assist in eating away at the opposition. Prinplup's bulk helps to wall Pokemon such as Metang, Monferno, Combusken, Vigoroth, Magmar, and others.
Checks and Counters: Grass-type Pokemon are the biggest counter to Prinplup, which mainly encompasses Servine and Specs Roselia as the hardest grass-type hitters. Toxic users are also a threat as they eat away at non-Rest Prinplup. This mainly comes from Sludge Bomb users, including Gloom and Roselia, or just straight up Toxic users, such as Wartortle or Marshtomp. Taunt users pose a minimal threat, as they take away means of hazard removal/placement, or statusing the opponent. This can be countered with the use of either of the other moves. Electabuzz and other Electric Types can also pose a big threat.
Other Options: Sleep Talk and Rest are an option, however, it comes at the cost of two moves, all of which are important in their own aspect. The best bet there is to sacrifice Ice Beam and Stealth Rock if you really don't need it, but Sleep Talk/Rest is done much better by Wartortle.